Abbreviation Full Name
CHD congenital heart disease
ASD atrial septal defect
VSD ventricular septal defect
TA tricuspid atresia
TOF tetralogy of Fallot
PATS pulmonary atresia
SV single ventricular
PS pulmonary stenosis
AVSD atrioventricular septal defect
AS Aortic stenosis
TGA transposition of the great arteries
SVAS supravalvular aortic stenosis
DORV double outlet right ventricle
CoA coarctation of aorta
CIAV Congenital insufficiency of aortic valve
PTA Persistent truncus arteriosus
IAA Interrupted aortic arch
SA Single atrium
APV absent pulmonary valve syndrome
SAS Subvalvular aortic stenosis
LQT1 long-QT syndrome 1
LQT2 long-QT syndrome 2
PDA patent ductus arteriosus
OA overriding aorta
SVSD single ventricular septal defect
Pm VSD perimembranous ventricular septal defect
ALCAPA Anomalous left coronary artery from the pulmonary artery
EA Ebstein's anomaly
HLHS hypoplastic left heart syndrome
TAPVR Total anomalous pulmonary venous return
HTX heterotaxy
LVOTO left ventricular outflow tract obstruction
ECD Endocardial cushion defect
PAS pulmonary artery stenosis
AVS aortic valve stenosis
CTDs conotruncal defects
D-TGA dextro transposition of the great arteries
BAV bicuspid aortic valve
BAV-CoA bicuspid aortic valve with coarctation of the aorta
R-L fusion of right coronary cusp and left coronary cusp
R-NC fusion of right coronary cusp and noncoronary cusp
RVOTO right ventricular outflow tract obstruction
AD Aortic disease
ccTGA congenitally corrected transposition of the great arteries
AV aortic valve
MAPCA major aorto pulmonary collateral artery
HRHS hypoplastic right heart syndrome
RAA right aortic arch
BSVC bilateral superior vera cava
PVS pulmonary valve stenosis
LSVC left superior vena cava
MA mitral valve atresia
CSD coronary sinus dilation
RVHP right ventricular hypertrophy
PV pulmonary valve
IVS intact ventricular septum
L-TGA levo-transposition of the great arteries
DILV double inlet left ventricle
AP window aortopulmonary window
LS-CHD left-sided congenital heart disease
MR mitral valve regurgitation
APVR anomalous pulmonary venous return
PAPVC partial anomaly of pulmonary venous connection
TAPVC Total abnormal pulmonary venous connection
WPW Wolff-Parkinson-White
AC Aortic coarctation
ALV abnormal lung vessels
AI aortic insufficiency
TVD tricuspid valve disease
RVH right ventricular hypoplasia
P-LRBS permanent left-to-right blood shunt
MVA mitral valve abnormalities
DCM dilated cardiomyopathy
LV left ventricle
PAH pulmonary arterial hypertension
PAD patent arterial duct
SRV single right ventricle
cVSD conoventricular VSD
mVSD malalignment ventricular septal defect
AA aortic atresia
PFO patent foramen ovale
PLSVC persistent left superior vena cava
AVC atrialventricular canal
rDA right descending aorta
TAA thoracic aortic aneurysm
asymm TAV asymmetric tricuspid aortic valve
HRV hypoplastic right ventricle
AVI aortic valve insufficiency
MVS mitral valve stenosis
MI mitral valve insufficiency
AF atrial fibrillation
VF ventricular fibrillation
VT registered ventricular tachycardias treated with ablation therapy
LVNC left ventricular noncompaction cardiomyopathy
AVR aortic valve replacement
MVR mitral valve replacement
SCD sudden cardiac death
AV-B atrioventricular conduction block
AIS aortic isthmus stenosis
PAPVR partial anomalous pulmonary venous return
MVD mitral valve disease/mitral valve disfunction
LVH left ventricular hypertrophy
AV block atrioventricular block
RLBV aretroesophageal left brachiocephalic vein
DAA double aortic arch
PAA Pulmonary artery anomlalies
TAPVD Total anomalous pulmonary venous drainage
hypo RV hypoplastic right ventricle
NRGV normally related great vessels
PPHT persistent pulmonary hypertension
MS mitral valve stenosis
SI situs inversus
bic AOV bicuspid aortic valve
MID Mirror Image Dextrocardia
ARA Aortic root aneurysm
CCD congenital cardiac diseases
dd-PBF Ductal-dependent pulmonary blood flow
dd-SBF Ductal-dependent systemic blood flow
p-AVSD partial atrioventricular septal defect
DOLV Double outlet left ventricle
DOA dilatation of aorta
LC left coronary
LSOD Left sided obstruction defects
PPS peripheral pulmonary stenosis
CHD-PVD CHD with pulmonary vascular disease
SYPCA systemic-pulmonary collateral arteries
TGV Transposition of Great Vessels
VI Ventricular inversion
DI double inlet
SD septal defects
FSV functional single ventricle
MOT malformation of the outflow tract
OL obstructive lesion
SDMA septal defect with minor abnormalities
DCRV Double chambered right ventricle
SVHD Single ventricle heart defects
SVCHD Single ventricle congenital heart defects
AAO Aortic arch obstruction
FC Fontan circulation
TAS Truncus arteriosus
ACD Atrioventricular cannal defects
AH Arch hypoplasia
AO aortic obstruction
CD combined defect
2V-RV biventricular circulation with a subaortic right ventricle
2V-LV biventricular ciculation with a subaortic left ventricle
1V non-cyanosed, single ventricle circulation
UVH univentricular heart
SPS subvalvular pulmonary stenosis
RAS restrictive atrial septum
IAVD Isolated aortic valve disease
PVOD pulmonary vascular obstructive disease
PO pulmonary obstruction
AP aortic prolapse
AAA Aortic arch anomaly
CAA Coronary artery anomalies
PVD pulmonary valve disease
TS tricuspid senosis
AVD Aortic valve disease
DIVM double-inlet ventricle malformation
BNP brain natriuretic peptide
PA pulmonary artery
ES Eisenmenger syndrome
TAAH transverse aortic arch hypoplasi
RAP mean right atrial pressure
MPV mean platelet volume
PDW platelet distribution width
ITA interruption of the aorta
AOR aortic regurgitation
FUVH functionally univentricular heart
BVP biventricular physiology
BVP-AAO biventricular physiology with aortic arch obstruction
SMVR severe mitral valve regurgitation
GVT great vessel transposition
VAD ventricular assist device
IART intra-atrial re-entrant tachycardia
AOS aortic stenosis
Bc bicuspide aorta
EATC ectopic atrial tachycardia
PAR pulmonary artery resistance
HF heart failure
AAS atrial arrhythmias
CRHD corrected congenital right heart disease
FONT Fontan palliation
EIS Eisenmenger physiology or unrepaired cyanotic heart defect
LTRS left-to-right shunting
PASP pulmonary artery systolic pressure
SAVV Systemic Atrioventricular Valve
MGV malposed great vessels
PAVC partial atrioventricular canal
CAVC complete atrioventricular canal
CAT common arterial trunk
TI tricuspid infufficiency
SAM subaortic membrane
TR Tricuspid regurgitation
LSOOL Left-sided outflow obstructive lesions
RSOOL Right-sided outflow obstructive lesions
AVA aortic valve anomaly
MP mitral prolapse
AAH aortic arch hypoplasia
HAA hypoplastic aortic arch
UVA Univentricular anatomy
GMI general memory index
BAI beck anxiety inventory
GSE general self-efficacy
CDI Communicative Development Inventory
rCHD repaired congenital heart disease
PVCs premature ventricular contractions
PAP pulmonary artery pressure
Rp/Rs pulmonary-to-systemic resistance ratio
CTGF connective tissue growth factor
PDI psychomotor developmental index
MDI mental developmental index
ET-1 endothelin-1
PPAP peak pulmonary artery pressure
TCPC total cavo-pulmonary connection
ADMA asymmetrical dimethyl-L-arginine
AHD acyanotic heart disease
VPS Valvular pulmonary stenosis
SS subaortic stenosis
HA hypoplastic arch
PI Pulmonary insufficiency
PVA pulmonary venous anomaly
MVP mitral valve prolapse
LSL left side lesions
RSL right side lesions
CVI Cardiac valve incompetence
SVAVR Systemic ventricular AVR
PVAVR Pulmonary ventricular AVR
SVOS Systemic ventricular outflow stenosis
PVOS Pulmonary ventricular outflow stenosis
UAVC Unbalanced atrioventricular canal
MD Mitral disease
MAD Mitral and aortic disease
MRMV moderate regurgitation of the mitral valve
PMT porosity of myocardial tissue
CAF coronary arterial fistula
VAS valvar aorta stenosis
SASV secundum atrial septal ventricle
CAVSD complete atrioventricular septal defect
ALVS aorto left ventricular shunt
PR pulmonary regurgitation
TBA Taussig-Bing anomaly
AVAS aortic valve atresia
DOV double outlet ventricular
TC Transposition complexes
LRAI Left and right atrial isomerism
LHO left heart obstruction
BT Blalok–Taussig
ECFE endocardial fibroelastosis
JET junctional ectopic tachycardia
EAT ectopic atrial beat
SVES supraventricular extrasystole
VES ventricular extrasystole
APW aortic to pulmonary window
RV-PA-Cd right ventricular to pulmonary valveless conduit
PAB pulmonary artery trunk banding
DKS Damus-Kaye-Stansel procedure
ASO arterial switch operation
CBPS congenital branch pulmonary stenosis
STPVCA supracardic total pulmonary venous connection anomalous
D-MGA dextro-malposition of the great arteries
CAVV Common Atrioventricular Valve
EM Ebstein's malformation
CAS conus arteriosus syndrome
HLV hypoplastic left ventricle
TPV time to peak velocity
RVET right ventricular ejection time
IPS infundibular pulmonary stenosis
IPS-A acquired type of infundibular pulmonary stenosis
IE infective endocarditis
BiV biventricular lesion
NEC necrotizing enterocolitis
SBF systomic presusion
PBF pulmonary perfusion
RV right ventricular
CPB cardiopulmonary bypass
TPR total pulmonary resistence
TPRI total pulmonary resistence index
HrQoL health-related quality of life
InTc heart-rate-corrected inflection time
AcTc acceleration time corrected
NGAL neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin
RACHS-1 Risk Adjustment for Congenital Heart Surgery 1
HFSS Heart Failure Survival Score
CV cardiovascular
Tpo offspring risk predictors
DC disease complexity
EEG electroencephalography
MCA-PI middle cerebral artery pulsatility index
BSID Bayley Scales of Infant Development
CTR caridiothoracic ratio
POD 1 postoperative day 1
NIRS near-infrared spectroscopy
CMV cleft mitral valves
GFR glomerular filtration rate
IPPV intermittent positive pressure ventilation
MSOF multiple system organ failure
Hcy Homocysteine
DV-PIV the pulsatility index for veins of ductus venosus
SEIQoL-DW schedule for the evaluation of individual quality of life-direct weighting
SF-36 36 item short form health survey
TDML thoracic duct mass ligation
LT left thoracotomy
RT right thoracotomy
CAPBS cardiopulmonary bypass
IVD interventricular dyssynchrony
SGA small for gestational age
ROC receiver operating characteristic curves
AEs adverse events
OR operating room
HAPI hospital-acquired pressure injury
CHDFI Congenital Heart Disease Functional Index
LDIR low-dose ionizing radiation
SIMV-PRVC+PS pressure-regulated volume-controlled synchronized intermittent mandatory ventilation with pressure support
NAVA neurally adjusted ventilatory assist
BTC Barriers to Care Questionnaire
CDIS Cardiac Denial of Impact Scale
CCS Bayley-III Cognitive Composite Score
LCS Bayley-III Language Composite Score
PT planum temporale
CCT cross clamp time
ACS Acute Coronary Syndrome
AVT acute vasoreactivity test
SVR systemic vascular resistance
PWD P-wave Dispersion
QTd QT dispersion
CIMT Carotid intima-media thickness
cSBP central systolic blood pressure
pNF-H phosphorylated neurofilament heavy subunit
NICU neonatal intensive care unit
FIOL fetal intolerance of labor
PTB preterm birth
TM Thrombomodulin
t-PA tissue-type plasminogen activator
β-TG β-thromboglobulin
CPET cardiopulmonary exercise testing
BGP Abnormal background pattern
sST2 Soluble suppression of tumorogenicity 2
GLMM General Linear Mixed Models
LAS QOL Linear Analog Scale Quality of Life
SWLS higher satisfaction with life
IS inotrope score
NDD neurodevelopmental disabilities
MAF minor allele frequency
BTT bridged to transplant
FH family history
UACR urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio
RFCA radiofrequency catheter ablation
CTI cavotricuspid isthmus
ECT extracorporeal circulation time
TBX1 T‑box transcription factor 1
RDW Red cell distribution width
GSTM1 glutathione S-transferase mu1
PEFR peak expiratory flow rate
FEF 50 forced expiratory flow at 50% of FVC
FEV1 forced expiratory volume in 1 second
IL interleukin
LST Land surface temperature
QTP Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau
GDP Gross domestic product
IUS-R Intolerance of Uncertainty Scale-Revised
SCAS Spence Children’s Anxiety Scale
CASI Children’s Anxiety Sensitivity Index
CIAS Childhood Illness Attitude Scales
hsTnT high-sensitive troponin T
scTnI sensitive cardiac troponin I
CSF cerebrospinal fluid
WM White matter
AhR aryl hydrocarbon receptor
CTnI cardiac troponin I
MPI T/B myocardial perfusion imaging targer/background
TRP total pulmonary resistance
TRPI total pulmonary resistance index
STAT category based on Society of Thoracic Surgeons and European Association for Cardiothoracic Surgery Congenital Heart Surgery Mortality Score
RBC red blood cell
vWF von Willebrand factor
PCQLI Pediatric Cardiac Quality of Life Inventory
Qp pulmonary blood flow
Qs systemic blood flow
TBV total brain volume
GM gray matter
hArg Homoarginine
PCS physical component summary score
FVC forced vital capacity
SAVVR systemic atrioventricular valve regurgitation
EF ejection fraction
TTE transthoracic echocardiogram
GA gestional age
IQR interquartile range
Hb Haemoglobin
CS cardiac surgery
CKD chronic kidney disease
CS-AKI Cardiac surgery associated–acute kidney injury
FIGN fidgetin
GIT gastrointestinal symptoms
DHCA deep hypothermic circulatory arrest
TEE transesophageal echocardiogram
NOAC novel oral anticoagulants
AAD antiarrhythmic drug
DCCV direct current cardioversion
LCOS low cardiac output syndrome
MR pro-ADM mid-regional pro-adrenomedullin
MV mechanical ventilation
PMV prolonged mechanical ventilation
VIS vasoactive inotropic score
CHB complete heart block
JA Junctional acceleration
aEEG amplitude-integrated electroencephalography
FT flat tracing
BS burst suppression
CLV continuous low voltage
SWC Sleep-wake cycle
VTA ventricular tachyarrhythmia
f QRS fragment QRS
GEC T score Global Executive Composite T score
ADHD attention-deficit/ hyperactivity disorder
SVF systemic ventricular function
SPVF subpulmonary ventricular function
ATP anti-tachycardia pacing
MMP-2 matrix metalloproteinases 2
CI cardical index
RVEF Right ventricular ejection fraction
RVESVi Right ventricular end systolic volume index
LVEF Left ventricular ejection fraction
ADC apparent diffusion coefficient
PADP pulmonary artery diastolic pressure
Rs systemic arterial resistance
Rp pulmonary arterial resistance
BMI body mass index
RVAD right ventricular assist device
cTnT cardiac troponin T
TNT troponin-T
GDF-15 growth-differentiation factor 15
ADD antidepressant drug
ET exercise time
M-ABC-2 Movement Assessment Battery for Children-second version 2
6-MWD 6-min walking distance
PVR pulmonary vascular resistance
WHO FC WHO functional class
AD/AA meds antidepressant/antianxiety medications
Cr creatinine
Cho choline
NAA N-acetylaspartate
TICV total intracranial volume
FMBV fractional moving blood volume
CPR cerebroplacental ratio
BPD biparietal diameter
EFW estimated fetal weight
RVDP right ventricular diastolic pressure
PATD pulmonary artery trunk diameter
RVDT right ventricle diameter
mPAP mean pulmonary artery pressure
PCICU pediatric cardiac intensive care unit
RVP mean right ventricular pressure
PVRi pulmonary vascular resistance index
DPAP diastolic pulmonary artery pressure
SPAP systolic pulmonary artery pressure
TRV the peak velocity of tricuspid regurgitation
MPAD main pulmonary artery diameter
Qp/Qs pulmonary-to-systemic flow ratio
Mvsat mixed venous oxygen saturation
CysC Cystatin C
HADS-D higher levels of depression
HADS-A higher levels of anxiety
ICD/ICDs implantable cardioverter defibrillators
SBP systemic atery systolic blood pressure
FABP plasma intestinal fatty acid–binding protein
ARB angiotensin receptor blocker
ACEI angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor
IGT impaired glucose tolerance
DM diabetes mellitus
ACHD adults with congenital heart disease
FPG fasting blood glucose level
CRP C-reative protein
LVID left ventricular internal dimensions
FS fraction shortening
CSE cystathionine gamma-lyase
MPA main pulmonary artery
PGI2 prostacyclin analogs
PRA panel-reactive antibody
QOL quality of life
DTI diffusion tensor imaging
MRSI magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging
SNAP-PE Score for Neonatal Acute Physiology–Perinatal Extension
BIC Bayesian Information Criterion
MCS mental component summary of the SF-36
TCHB Transient complete heart block
LCHB late complete heart block
RLD Restrictive lung disease
ACC cortic cross clamp
SES Socioeconomic status
AKI acute kidney injury
LPA left pulmonary artery
RPA right pulmonary artery
AOV aortic valve
LVET left ventricular ejection time
LVMPI left ventricular myocardial performance index
AIT amiodarone-induced thyrotoxicosis
MDCT multidetectorrow computed tomography
VWF:Ag plasma von Willebrand factor antigen
PAI-1 plasma plasminogen activator inhibitor 1
TNF-α plasma tumor necrosis factor alpha
IL-6 plasma levels of interleukin-6
IL-10 plasma levels of interleukin-10
FIC fractional increase in creatinine
iPAH idiopathic PAH
FL lenth of fetal femur
EMBW estimated fetal body weight
UA umbilical artery
RI resistance index
MCA middle cerebral artery
BW body weight
BL body length
CC chest circumference
HC head circumference
LOS length of stay
FU follow up
BAS balloon atrial septostomy
A-CHD acyanotic congenital heart disease
C-CHD cyanotic congenital heart disease
PD-ECGF/TP platelet derived endothelial cell growth factor/thymidine phosphorylase (PD-ECGF/TP)
ANP atrial natriuretic peptide
PIGF placental growth factor
MEE measured resting energy expenditure
SDI systolic dyssynchrony index
CP Cheatham-Platin
CVL central venous line
CECs circulating endothelial cells
SSRI selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors
ABSC Behavior Assessment System for Children
CVP cardiovascular profile
CK-MB creatine kinase-MB
ARF acute renal failure
SMWTd six-minute walk test distance
VEGF vascular endothelial growth factor
eNOS endothelial nitric oxide synthase
iNOS inductible nitric oxide synthase
PICU pediatric intensive care unit
TISS Therapeutic Intervention Scoring System
PRISM Pediatric Risk of Mortality I
TV tricuspid valve
NT pro-BNP N-terminal–pro-brain natriuretic peptide
aPC activated protein C
NYHA New York Heart Association
NCR negative chronotropic response
cNCR corrected negative chronotropic response
PST cardiac parasympathetic nervous tone
cPST corrected cardiac parasympathetic nervous tone
BRS baroreflex sensitivity
NE norepinephrine
HR heart rate
RSV respiratory syncytial virus
YASR Young adult self reported
YABCL Young adult behavior checklist
ADM adrenomedullin
NO nitric oxide
BSA body surface area
FA femoral artery
VTI Velocity time integral
RF radiofrequency
DA decreased arborization of arteries
DB decreased background filling
WPA wedge pulmonary arteriography
CL/CR Least-Concentration to the Systemic-Recirculation concentration Ratios
RVSP Right ventricular systolic pressure
PHC perveived health competence
TIMP2 tissue inhibitor of metallo proteinases-2
KIM 1 Kidney Injury Molecule 1
NLRP3 nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like (NOD)-like receptor protein 3
HMGB1 high-mobility group box 1
eGFR estimated glomerular filtration rate
LVEDP left ventricular end-diastolic pressure
OER Oxygen extraction rate
CBL volumns of cerebellum
STAI Spielberger Trait Anxiety Inventory
PSS Perceived Stress Scale
STS Society of Thoracic Surgeons
WBC white blood cell
ECMO extracorporeal membrane oxygenation
TIT transcatheter interventional therapy
RDACD right dominant atrioventricular canal defect
SLV small left ventricle
APA Anomalies of the pulmonary artery
AGV Anomalies of the great veins
ALVT aortico-left ventricular tunnel
APS Aorto-pulmonary shunt
ASF Atrial septal fenestration
BPAS branch pulmonary artery stenosis
CACA Congenital anomalies of coronary arteries
BAVC balanced atrioventricular canal
BiV dd-PBF Biventricular ductal-depedent pulmonary blood flow
BiV dd-SBF Biventricular ductal-depedent systemic blood flow
OPD ostium primum defects
TAC Truncus arteriosus communis
RVD Right ventricular dysplasia
MAS mitral and aortic stenosis
PAC pulmonary artery conduit
DTA Dilated thoracic aorta
DPA Dilation of the pulmonary artery
HCM Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
LVRAS left ventricular to right atrium shunt
PAPVD partial anomalous pulmonary venous drainage
PASD Primum atrial septal defect closure
PATR pulmonary artery atresia
RAI Right atrial isomerism
RVSD repaired VSD
SASD Secundum atrial septal defect
UDSC Unspecified defects of septal closure
SILV Single inlet left ventricle
SVA Sinus of valsalva aneurysm
SVD Sinus venosus defect
SPF Systemic-pulmonary fistulas
TVR tricuspid valve replacement
U-AVSD unbalanced AVSD
W-PA w/pulmonary artery
W-PS w/pulmonary stenosis
APSD Aortopulmonary septal defect
MGA malposition of the great arteries
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