| Factor Information | |
|---|---|
| Data ID | 1238 |
| Factor | premature birth (≤37 weeks) |
| Description | Gender, premature birth (≤37 weeks), and CHD with aortic obstruction were predictive of executive dysfunction, especially for behavior regulation skills. Prematurity showed the strongest impact on executive dysfunction in children with CHD, especially with respect to behavioral regulation, with significantly increased risk for elevated scores on the Inhibit and Emotional Control subscales, and increased risk on Initiate and Working Memory scales relative to full-term children with CHD. |
| Biomarker | NA |
| Classification | A3 (clinical factor - disease & symptom) |
| Association | |
|---|---|
| Application | prognosis risk assessment |
| Objective | predictive of executive dysfunction, especially for behavior regulation skills |
| p Value | ≤0.05 |
| OR | >3.0 |
| Conclusion | School aged children with CHD have an increased prevalence of executive dysfunction, especially problems with working memory and flexibility, and are underserved by the school system. The increased risk for executive dysfunction in those with CHD and prematurity or CHD with aortic obstruction suggests an etiology of delayed brain development in the fetal and neonatal periods, while male gender may increase susceptibility to brain injury. |
| Risk Factor | risk factor |
| CHD Type | |
|---|---|
| ID | 505 |
| CHD Type | isolated CHD/non-isolated CHD |
| CHD Subtype | D-TGA, IVS/D-TGA, VSD/TOF/TOF, PA/TA/VSD/AVC/TA, IAA/VSD, CoA/CoA/AH/SV/PA, IVS/SV/HLHS/other |
| Reference | |
|---|---|
| PMID | 27863079 |
| Year | 2016 |
| Title | Prevalence and pattern of executive dysfunction in school age children with congenital heart disease. |
| Sample | ||
|---|---|---|
| Population | school age children | |
| Source | the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function (BRIEF) and a medical history questionnaire; normative database. | |
| Region | Washington, USA | |
| Method | the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function (BRIEF) and a medical history questionnaire | |
| Race | North America | |
| Disease History | N/A | |
| Treatment History | N/A | |
| Group | premature birth ≤37 weeks(Treatment) | birth >37 weeks(Control) |
| Number | N/A | NA |
| Age | mean age: 9.08±2.71 (6-17) years | mean age: 9.08±2.71 (6-17) years |
| Gender (Male: Female) | N/A | NA |
| Marker Level | N/A | N/A |
